All news media constantly showing different types of combat equipment like Land to Land missiles, Land to Air missiles, Air to surface missiles, Laser weapons, Russian missile s 400 etc, due to recent Indo China border dispute. Also, news reported on the recent threat of Cyberwarfare from China.
Referring to this because of the technological revolution happened and we are observing those warfare equipments. You can refer my earlier blog on this, Defence system with artificial intelligence.
It’s not that only technology advancement going in the defence sector, but it’s
also happening in our social life, like our mobile gadgets, 3G, 4G, 5G, Artificial intelligence, IoT, Robotic etc.
Advanced computer or laptops we are using in every step of our life,
we are using these through the internet or connecting through a network secured network. All organizations, research centres, defence are using many computers for
their workforce for their day-to-day work. All Computers, Laptops are
connected internally for different types of purpose through networking.
This post is about " computer networking " or data networking and will be sharing more details on networking in coming articles.
When multiple computers connected through a networking device which are connected to each other for sharing data transmission, utilizing different communication channel, it is called Network or Data Networking. Multiple computers are connected through this networking.
When multiple computers connected through a networking device which are connected to each other for sharing data transmission, utilizing different communication channel, it is called Network or Data Networking. Multiple computers are connected through this networking.
Entire process of connecting two or more computers and networking device
with each other is called networking. In other words, the entire procedure of
creating and using such a computer network is called Networking.
How to make this data network?
To make a network, you will be requiring network hardware devices, software, cabling and transmission link. However, you can also make such network wired or wireless, for sharing data and information with any individual or group. Creating of this entire network is called data networking. All the networking devices interconnected between them through a broad spectrum of telecommunication network technologies, this can be physically wired, or through optical connectivity, or using radio-frequency methods which arranged through a variety of network topologies.
To make a network, you will be requiring network hardware devices, software, cabling and transmission link. However, you can also make such network wired or wireless, for sharing data and information with any individual or group. Creating of this entire network is called data networking. All the networking devices interconnected between them through a broad spectrum of telecommunication network technologies, this can be physically wired, or through optical connectivity, or using radio-frequency methods which arranged through a variety of network topologies.
All network topologies are a combination of such connectivity as per the requirement.
These devices of a computer network classified like, personal computers (PC), servers,
networking hardware devices like Router, Switches etc.
For their identification, we define hostname, network address named IP
address. Hostname are for identification of server, computer and IP address for
locating and identifying network devices, computers using communication
protocol, like internet protocol for local network devices identifications
purpose. For computer networking, applications services also require depending
upon the utility, like computer operation system (OS), security applications,
messaging application, communication applications etc. and other applications
for communicating and security etc. As per industry utilization point of view, there is a different type of
networks are there, like Telephone network, Mobile network and Computer network
or data network.
What are those network devices?
Below the list of some basic hardware devices using for data networking:
Definition of HUB,
Earlier HUB was used as a network device to connect multiple computers for networking locally. This is also called Network Hub. All common networking device used to connect in a segment or part of a LAN. Each Hub having multiple ports connected with computer and when any packet reaches in a HUB port, it copies all the ports so that all the LAN segments connected in that particular hub can see this packet. HUB does not have management facility like a switch and also speed was an issue, so it was replaced by a switch. Presently switch is used instead of HUB.
Earlier HUB was used as a network device to connect multiple computers for networking locally. This is also called Network Hub. All common networking device used to connect in a segment or part of a LAN. Each Hub having multiple ports connected with computer and when any packet reaches in a HUB port, it copies all the ports so that all the LAN segments connected in that particular hub can see this packet. HUB does not have management facility like a switch and also speed was an issue, so it was replaced by a switch. Presently switch is used instead of HUB.
Switch is called network switch, which is a device that forwards
and filters frames between ports, based on the destination devices MAC address in each frame, its also do
packet switching. Switch is different from a hub because it only forwards the frames to
the physical ports involved in the communication rather than all ports
connected. Switch can be defined as a multi-port bridge. It learns from
associate physical ports to MAC addresses by finding the source addresses of
received frames. In case of unknown destination targeted, the switch broadcasts
to all ports. Switches normally have multiple ports, it can facilitate a star
topology for devices, and cascading additional switches. It can filter the data between the ports according to the MAC address from
the packet information. As switch having multiple ports and ability to stores
the MAC address (Media Access control address) of all ports in a table to send data
directly to that port according to MAC address.
Switch called intelligent device as it does not copy the data nearer to
the ports. Multiple switches can be placed in a network as a stack
interconnected between them for increasing the port capacity to connect
multiple devices, like Laptop, desktops etc..as per requirement.
It’s also a networking device, it requires to forward
data between network devices connected. Router generally used to connect different network,
its called layer three device. Router works like traffic guiding device. Data always transmit in this network in packet
form, to send over this packet through the router will be required to define the traffic
as per its packet destination address.
The
packet of information is forwarded from one router to another with a defined
packet destination address through a network then an internetwork is formed post
data reaches its destination address. When
packets of information goes through the router, the router first reads the network
address of that particular information to find out its destination and transfer
it to the next network to send the destination device.
Firewall is a security device to protect the network. As a network
security system, its used to monitor network traffic packet, allow and block as
per the rules or policy defined or configured. Firewall isolate the internal
network from the external network and provide security. Its prevent unauthorised access and act as a
barrier for unsafe traffic and allow safe traffic Firewall is very essential
for all network connected with the internet or external network. As you know presently
there is a threat from China for cyberattack. Firewall is one of the
essential network protection device to protect from such cyber-attack (Read Cybersecurity)
.
What are the types of network?
What are the types of network?
Multiple different types of networks are there,
which are using for different requirement. Below are some details of different
types of network:
What
is LAN?
local area network or LAN is a group of devices connected
together through switch ports in one physical location like an office building, or
home. This can be small or large depending upon the node or computer requirement. It’s
can be for a home network with one user to an enterprise network with thousands
of users and devices. Irrespective of size, LAN switch to connects devices that
are in a single or in a limited area. However, a wide area network (WAN)
or metropolitan area network (MAN) covers larger geographic areas, WANs and
MANs connect many LANs together.
What
is PAN?
Personal Area Network is a data network for
interconnecting computer devices for an individual person's workplace. Its provides data transmission among different devices
such as computers, smartphones, tablets and personal digital assistants. There are also wireless personal area networks.
What
is HAN?
A home area network uses in a home environment, its connects devices inside
home, like personal computers, tablets, smartphones, printers, TVs and other
devices.
What
is WAN?
A wide area network (WAN) is not a small network in a single
area. Its a large network, connected through a telecommunication network to extend over
a large geographical area, which is a primary purpose of this network. This telecommunication
connectivity called leased line circuits which need to connect network devices
like router, or firewall through modem or directly depend upon the interface
protocol of the type of
telecommunication link connectivity.
Business, education and government units use wide-area networks to for
transferring data to staff, students, clients, buyers and suppliers from
various locations across the world.
What
is CAN?
CAN full form is Campus Area Network, A campus network is an extended
LAN scattered in different building in the same area or nearby area. You can
imagine a university campus having 3-4 building with there separate LAN and
all those buildings connected internally through fibre or cable depend up
distance. In CAN mainly high-end manageable LAN switch used.
What
is MAN?
MAN, the full form is Metropolitan Area Networks, It is a larger network
than LAN, and is smaller than WAN Network. As an example, all the schools,
colleges or offices in a city can be connected to their network. And it is used
to make a large network by connecting many LANs.
What
is GAN?
Full form of GAN is Global Area Network. Many Wide Area Networks and many other
networks create GAN. It is used over a larger network and it is not directly connected
to any network is a worldwide network that connects networks all over the
globe, such as the internet. A GAN is a network used to support a Wireless LAN,
Satellite Coverage Area. It covers a large Geographical Area.
Conclusion :
Through data networking transferring of data is very easy from one computer to another computer. It’s not only for
computer to computer data transfer work but its also used to do critical analysis,
controlling of the remote device using the data network.
How many types of network connections are there?
Different types of network connections or topology
are there. This defines how network devices are connected to each other.
Topologies are used to connect computers, through a ring topology which is the most
common type, because of network device ethernet supporting the internet, local
area networks and wide area networks.
Find below topologies that are used to create
networks:
What is Bus Topology?
In this topology, one main cable connects every computer
in the network. All devices like workstations, printers, laptops, servers etc.,
are connected to the main cable. When using this bus topology, signals of the
sending computer, travels the cable length in both directions from the sending
computer.
The sending signal travels through the main cable up to the end of
the cable length and returns in the direction it came from after bounce at the end,
which is known as signal bounce. Signal bounce sometimes create problems in
the network due to collision. When another signal is sent on the
cable at the same time, the two signals will collide which create collision and
its drastically reduce the performance of the data network.
What is Star Topology?
A network device which is centrally placed and
connects a cable to each computer with that one in the network in a star
topology.
In this topology each computer in the network has an independent
connection to the centre device of the network, in case of anyone connection goes
down it will affect the rest of the network. However, multiple cables need to
connect in this kind of network.
What is Ring Topology?
This is similar like Bus topology. It uses a main single
cable with the last nodes connected to each other so the signal can circle
through the network to find its receiver.
Signal travels several times to find
its destination device even when the network node is not working properly. The
device has an internal ring topology and has places for cable to plugin. A
collapsed ring has a central node which is a hub, router or switch. Every
computer in the network has its separate own cable to plug into the device. It involves
cabling closet, where all computers are connected to the nearer of the switch.
What is Wireless Networks?
Like wired network, there is a wireless network which
has different protocols to work. Wireless technologies have grown and become
much more popular.
Wi-Fi and other wireless technologies now become a favourite
choice for building computer networks. One of the main reasons for this is that
wireless networks can easily support different types of wireless gadgets which
becomes popular nowadays, such as smartphones and tablets. Mobile networking
is now an important thing and having growing demand.
What is Network Protocols?
All computer and network devices communicate with each
other using network protocol. It’s another way to define a group of computers
that supports the protocol defined. In-network different protocols which support
different applications. Protocols that
are often used is TCP/IP, which is most common on the internet and network.
In this post tried to explain what is basic Computer Networking or data
networking and what are the primary devices require for networking like HUB,
Switch, Router and Firewall.
However other devices like bridge, repeater and other essential devices will update in the next article. As it’s a very basic level of description I hope you have liked this post very much and request you to share this post with your friends and at the same time subscribe my blog so that all my new posts on technology update can reach you immediately. Thanks for visiting The Blog-insider.
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